This article examines the theoretical foundations, historical evolution, and communicative specificity of scientific discourse in contemporary linguistics. Scientific discourse is approached as a complex linguistic, cognitive, and institutional phenomenon functioning within the sphere of academic communication. The study considers the relationship between discourse and text, surveys major scholarly interpretations of discourse in both international and Uzbek linguistics, and identifies the principal features of scientific discourse, including logical organization, conceptual precision, objectivity, and intertextuality. Special attention is given to the structure of scientific text as the primary form through which scientific discourse is realized. It is argued that scientific discourse should be understood not merely as a linguistic form, but as a socially and professionally regulated mode of communication through which knowledge is produced, systematized, interpreted, and transmitted.