Mental health is an important part of human well-being and social development. It is not only a medical issue but also a social, economic, cultural, and political concern. According to the World Health Organization (2022), mental health is a basic human right and an essential component of public health. This research paper studies mental health from an interdisciplinary social science perspective. It explains how psychology, sociology, economics, and political science are connected to mental health. The paper uses descriptive research methodology and relies on secondary data from books, research articles, and government reports. Studies show that poverty, unemployment, inequality, and discrimination strongly influence mental health outcomes (Marmot, 2015; Patel et al., 2018).