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ZENODO
Report . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: ZENODO
ZENODO
Report . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Report . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Sermaye Çıkışından Dijital Egemenliğe: Türkiye İçin Yerli Stablecoin Gerekliliği

From Capital Flight to Digital Sovereignty: The Case for a Domestic Stablecoin in Türkiye
Authors: Karahan, Cenk C.; Akgiray, Vedat;

Sermaye Çıkışından Dijital Egemenliğe: Türkiye İçin Yerli Stablecoin Gerekliliği

Abstract

Türkiye, stablecoin işlem hacminin GSYİH'ya oranında dünya genelinde birinci sırada yer almaktadır: Nisan 2023-Mart 2024 döneminde bu oran %4,3'e (yaklaşık 38 milyar ABD doları) ulaşmış; 2024 yılında sınır ötesi stablecoin ödeme hacminin 63 milyar doları aştığı tahmin edilmektedir. Bu işlem hacminin büyük bölümü, rezervlerini ağırlıklı olarak yabancı devletlerin borçlanma araçlarında tutan yabancı ihraçcılara yönelmektedir. IMF'nin 2025 tarihli 'Understanding Stablecoins' raporu bu mekanizmanın gelişmekte olan piyasalarda sermaye çıkışına zemin hazırlayabileceğini belgelemektedir. 7518 sayılı Kanun (Temmuz 2024) ve SPK'nın Mart 2025 tarihli tebliğleri kripto varlık alım-satımı, transferi ve saklanmasını kapsamlı biçimde düzenlemiş; ancak stablecoin ihraç lisansına ilişkin ikincil mevzuat henüz tamamlanmamıştır. Bu çalışma, tam teminatlı ve yerli dolar varlıklarına dayalı bir stablecoin modelini önermektedir. Düzenleyici kurumların (TCMB, SPK, Takasbank, Hazine Bakanlığı) desteğiyle yerli girişimlerin .ncülük etmesi, sermaye yeterliliği ve likidite risklerinin dikkatli yönetimi ile uluslararası likidite havuzlarına erişim bu modelin sürdürülebilirliğinin temel güvenceleridir.

Turkey leads the world in stablecoin transaction volume relative to GDP, with two-way trading flows reaching 4.3% of GDP (approximately USD 38 billion) in 2023–24 and cross-border stablecoin payments exceeding USD 63 billion in 2024. As the overwhelming majority of this activity is intermediated by foreign issuers holding reserves in sovereign debt instruments of other countries, it constitutes a structural and recurring channel of capital outflow — a risk explicitly documented by the IMF in its 2025 Understanding Stablecoins report. This paper proposes a two-phase domestic stablecoin model: a fully collateralised, dollar-denominated stablecoin backed by domestic assets, followed by a lira-denominated instrument backed by government securities. Domestic fintech ventures would serve as primary issuers within an institutional framework provided by the Central Bank, the Capital Markets Board, Takasbank, and the Ministry of Treasury and Finance. Beyond arresting capital outflows, the model presents a strategic opportunity to attract investment and to establish Turkey as a cross-border payment hub for the Middle East, the Balkans, Central Asia, and Africa.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Cryptocurrency, Turkey, Stablecoin, Fintech

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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