The article examines the role of HR management in the development of human capital in organizations. Thestudy analyzes key approaches to human capital development and identifies the main challenges related to skills gapsand workforce competency development. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and international reports, the paperhighlights the importance of effective HR strategies, including employee training, talent management, and continuousprofessional development. The study also proposes key directions for improving human capital development systems inorganizations.