This article investigates the faunistic composition and bioecological characteristics of representatives of the order Orthoptera occurring in wheat agrocoenoses. During the research, species belonging to the families Acrididae, Tettigoniidae, and Gryllidae were identified, and their distribution within the agrocoenosis, seasonal development dynamics, and feeding characteristics were analyzed. The results revealed that the family Acrididae is the dominant group and is responsible for the main damage. It was also established that the development of Orthoptera species is closely related to climatic factors, and the necessity of their monitoring was substantiated.