Vitamin deficiencies represent a major global and national health problem particularly in India, where deficiencies of vitamin A, B, C, D, E, and K are highly prevalent. Where the vitamins A, D, E, and K are oil soluble and vitamins B and C are water soluble.These deficiencies contribute to xerophthalmia, dementia, neurodevelopmental disorders, impaired growth, weakened immunity, cognitive decline, anemia, rickets, and other chronic disorders. Conventional formulations of vitamins (such as tablets, capsules, syrups, powders, gummies, and fortified foods) are widely available and provide supplementation. However, their effectiveness is often limited by poor solubility and low bioavailability, instability under environmental conditions, variable absorption, non specific target release and uncontrolled target release. To overcome these limitations, nanoformulations have emerged as a promising alternative. Nanocarriers such as liposomes, nanoemulsions, micelles, dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers improve solubility, protect vitamins from degradation, and allow for controlled and targeted delivery. By enhancing solubility, stability, bioavailability, absorption, and therapeutic efficacy, nanoformulations significantly improve the nutritional and clinical management of vitamin deficiencies compared to conventional systems.