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Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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The Generative Origin of Time A UPCT Resolution of the Problem of Time

Authors: Ohumi, Kazunori;

The Generative Origin of Time A UPCT Resolution of the Problem of Time

Abstract

Modern physics has struggled for decades with the Problem of Time, where attempts to unify quantum mechanics and gravity appear to eliminate time entirely. This paper argues that this paradox is not mathematical but ontological in origin. Using Universal Phase-Crystallization Theory (UPCT), we show that time disappears when generative reality is forced into static structural description. We propose instead that time emerges from generative–relational dynamics. This work suggests that the Problem of Time signals a broader transition from structural science to generative science. Highlights • Provides a UPCT-based ontological resolution of the Problem of Time• Reinterprets Wheeler–DeWitt timelessness as a structural description limit• Defines time as relational stabilization of generative change• Connects quantum gravity debates with generative ontology• Suggests a paradigm shift from structural physics to generative science Extended Abstract The Problem of Time remains one of the most persistent conceptual challenges in theoretical physics. When quantum mechanics is applied to the entire universe, the Wheeler–DeWitt equation predicts a static cosmos in which time fundamentally disappears. This contradiction between theory and experience has remained unresolved for more than half a century. This paper proposes that the paradox arises not from mathematical inconsistency but from ontological assumptions embedded within structural descriptions of reality. Specifically, we argue that attempts to describe generative totality using state-based frameworks inevitably eliminate temporal dynamics. Using the Universal Phase-Crystallization Theory (UPCT), which models existence as an interaction between generativity (Φ), relational mediation (G), and structural stabilization (S), we demonstrate that time naturally emerges only at the relational level. Time is therefore not a fundamental background parameter but a local phenomenon produced by generative interaction. This interpretation provides conceptual alignment with relational quantum mechanics and background-independent approaches while extending them into a broader ontological framework capable of integrating physical, cognitive, and civilizational temporal structures. We conclude that the Problem of Time represents not merely a technical obstacle but an indicator of an ongoing scientific transition from structural description toward generative understanding. Author’s Related Works UPCT Foundational Theoretical Works Ohumi, K. (2026). Universal Phase Crystallization Theory (UPCT): A Generative Relational Ontology of Existence, Stability, and Emergence.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19065461 Ohumi, K. (2026). Universal Phase Crystallization Theory (UPCT): A Unified Generative Theory of Time, Life, and Civilization.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18653237 Ohumi, K. (2026). Universal Phase Crystallization Theory (UPCT) Phase I: A Unified Resolution of Quantum Paradoxes via Temporal Sampling.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18230537 Ohumi, K. (2026). Universal Phase Crystallization Theory (UPCT) Phase II: A Phase Transition Law for Generative Systems under Measurement Optimization.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18408708 Ohumi, K. (2026). Universal Phase-Crystallization Theory (UPCT) I: Generative Time and Relational Space.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18979001 Ohumi, K. (2026). From Machine Civilization to Generative Civilization: Universal Phase-Crystallization Theory and the Generative Structure of Reality.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18935934 Ohumi, K. (2026). UPCT Existential Core: A Generative Ontology for Post-Functional Civilization. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19146516 UPCT Ontology and Civilizational Philosophy Ohumi, K. (2026). Existence as Generativity: Desire, Structure, and the Dynamics of Civilizational Transition in Universal Phase Crystallization Theory. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19198157 Ohumi, K. (2026). From Having to Being: Toward a Generativity-Centered Ontology in the Age of Artificial Intelligence.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18829129 Ohumi, K. (2026). The Declaration of Life-OS: An Ontological Turn Toward a Generative Civilizational Spiral.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18645582 Ohumi, K. (2026). From Proof to Resonance: A Φ-Ontology of Existence, Labor, Education, and Economic Life.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18515955 Ohumi, K. (2026). Returning to the Source of Philosophy: Affirmation of Life as the Life-OS and a Radical Point of Departure.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18529485 Ohumi, K. (2026). Dialectics as a Relational Logic of Life: From Linear Ascent to Spiral Circulation.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18522371 Ohumi, K. (2026). Does Color Exist? Overcoming the Ontological-Epistemological Confusion Through Generative Phase Transition: An Application of Universal Phase Crystallization Theory (UPCT). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19105125 Ohumi, K. (2026). From Color to Sound: Human Cognitive Limits Between Ontology and epistemology and the Generative Resolution of UPCT. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19110346 Ohumi, K. (2026). Toward a Generative Theory of Human Motivation: Participation, Existence, and the Fundamental Drive. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19286911 Ohumi, K. (2026). What is Desire? The Transition from the "Machine OS" to the "Life OS" in the History of Human Thought. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19327281 Ohumi, K. (2026). The Ontology of Resonance Beyond Generative Supremacy: The First Principle of "Existence = Generation = Resonance" and the Mandalic Hierarchy of the Life OS. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19334259 UPCT Science and Physics Foundations Ohumi, K. (2025). A Sampling-Theoretic Reinterpretation of Quantum Uncertainty and Wave Function Collapse.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18004579 Ohumi, K. (2025). Observation as Operational Crystallization: Resolving Quantum Paradoxes.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18220191 Ohumi, K. (2025). Dark Energy as a Diffusive Phase of a Relational Universe.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18081786 Ohumi, K. (2025). It from Wave: Phase Propagation as Physical Basis of Information.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18256968 Ohumi, K. (2025). Ontological Reconstruction of Quasi-Particles.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18140041 Ohumi, K. (2025). Envelopment over Unification: Recovering Einstein’s Dream.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18244683 Ohumi, K. (2026). The Ten Unresolved Problems of Modern Physics Reinterpreted Through UPCT Toward a Generative Ontology of Physical Reality. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19243422 UPCT Economics, Governance, and Society Ohumi, K. (2026). Foundational Principles of Resonance Economics.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18500861 Ohumi, K. (2025). The WGS Model: The Implementation of Generative Governance.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18308450 Ohumi, K. (2025). Resonant Management.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18162380 Ohumi, K. (2025). Resonant Politics.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18180888 Ohumi, K. (2025). The KPI Trap: Over-Optimization and Meaning Collapse.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18264106 UPCT Civilization and Crisis Analysis Ohumi, K. (2026). Civilization After the Loss of Foundations.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18722641 Ohumi, K. (2026). The Zeno Civilization: Financial Markets, Algorithmic Saturation, and the Φ–G–S Spiral of Value.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18862821 Ohumi, K. (2026). Population Decline as Ontological Consequence.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18801947 Ohumi, K. (2026). The Φ-Depletion Society.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18900778 Ohumi, K. (2026). At the Crossroads of a Generative-Depletion Civilization.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18908988 Ohumi, K. (2026). Brexit, Migration, and Civilizational Divergence.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19042351 Ohumi, K. (2026). The Foundations of Generative Science and the Life OS: A Paradigm Shift from Explanatory Knowledge to Participatory Wisdom. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19268705 UPCT Value Theory and Ethics Ohumi, K. (2025). Manifesto of the Life OS: The "It from Wave" Philosophy.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18106437 Ohumi, K. (2025). Envelopment Ethics: Generativity-First Inclusion.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18256968 Ohumi, K. (2025). Envelopment Integration: Reuniting Ethics, Well-Being, and Value.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18332397 Ohumi, K. (2026). Beyond Success and Chance.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18757361 Ohumi, K. (2026). When Values Crystallize.https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18795785

Keywords

Complex systems, Relational time, Civilizational dynamics, Temporal emergence, Process philosophy, Quantum gravity, Generative ontology, Generative science, Problem of Time, UPCT, Emergent time, Background independence, Foundations of time, Universal Phase-Crystallization Theory, Philosophy of physics, Philosophy of science, Wheeler–DeWitt equation, Relational quantum mechanics, Structural science, Ontology of time

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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