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Challenges of applying an embedded domain specific language for performance portability to Earth system models

Authors: Lu, Yen-Sen; Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel; Stein, Olaf; Hoffmann, Lars;

Challenges of applying an embedded domain specific language for performance portability to Earth system models

Abstract

Weather and climate modeling, reliant on substantial computational resources, faces challenges of escalatingresource demands and energy consumption as problem sizes and model complexity increase. LeveragingGraphics Processing Units (GPUs) for accelerated simulations demands performance portability across diverseHigh Performance Computing (HPC) architectures. The concept of embedded Domain Specific Language(eDSL) emerges as a lightweight solution, aiming to streamline GPU utilization without extensive code rewritesand to enhance code portability across HPC architectures. This study explores the practical implementation ofan eDSL within the Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic (ICON) weather and climate model, primarily written in Fortran.Our evaluation contrasts eDSL utilization within ICON against other Earth system models, with particularemphasis on three-dimensional mass transport, or advection. Through assessing the eDSL’s efficectiveness invarious models, especially its application in the ParFlow and EULAG models, insights into its potential forICON emerge. While the eDSL presents a promising avenue for performance portability, challenges in adaptingFortran-based codes, GPU support, and resource allocation underscore the need for necessity for thoroughplanning and resource allocation in model development endeavors. Overall, the eDSL offers a viable pathwayfor harnessing GPU acceleration while mitigating the complexities of code portability across diverse HPCarchitectures, essential for advancing weather and climate modeling capabilities.

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