Exudative-catarrhal diathesis (ECD) is a multifactorial constitutional anomaly observed in early childhood, characterized by immune dysregulation, hypersensitivity reactions, and epithelial barrier dysfunction. This paper provides an expanded analysis of etiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and evidence-based management strategies. Special attention is given to cytokine imbalance, microbiota interactions, and preventive pediatrics.