The agricultural sector provides the essential food supply as well as sustains the human life for every nation. It acts as a solid foundation without which any country cannot achieve true economic stability or social well-being. That’s why having a strong and productive agricultural sector is very important for any country. This sector ensures the food security, supports livelihoods, development, and the supply of raw materials for many industries. It becomes essential to focus on the sustainable development and growth of this sector to ensure the long-term prosperity and resilience of any country. This sector also plays a very significant role in the economies of both India and New Zealand, though the nature and scale of agricultural practices differ between the two countries. Agriculture is the major source of livelihood for a large portion of the population in India and it also contributes to the food security and rural development in India. New Zealand has a highly modernized and export-oriented agricultural sector which is known for its efficient dairy and horticultural production. Regardless of these differences, the agricultural sector remains a crucial sector supporting economic growth and environmental sustainability in both these countries. This review aims to compare the research on climate smart agriculture in India and New Zealand.