Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) is a widely prevalent hormonal disorder among women of reproductive age, characterized by enlarged ovaries containing multiple immature follicles. It results from an imbalance in reproductive hormones, primarily involving increased levels of androgens and disrupted ovulation. PCOD manifests with irregular menstrual cycles, acne, excessive hair growth, weight gain, and infertility. Although its exact cause remains unclear, genetic tendencies, insulin resistance, and lifestyle factors play major roles. Effective management focuses on early diagnosis, lifestyle modification, and hormonal or metabolic therapy tailored to individual symptoms. This report provides an overview of the causes, clinical features, diagnosis, complications, and management approaches for PCOD, highlighting the need for awareness and timely medical intervention.