
Article type: Clinical case Atypical thymic carcinoid is an extremely rare and clinically challenging neuroendocrine tumor, characterized by aggressive behavior, high recurrence rates, and significant metastatic potential. Its clinical presentation is often nonspecific or even asymptomatic, making early diagnosis difficult and contributing to reduced survival in advanced stages. The objective of this study is to present a clinical case with incidental early-stage diagnosis, highlighting the importance of radiologic–clinical correlation and a multidisciplinary approach to optimize therapeutic management and prognosis. A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scielo databases, applying the following search terms: thymic neuroendocrine tumor, atypical carcinoid, thymic carcinoid, and anterior mediastinal mass. Articles in English and Spanish published between 1990 and 2024 were selected, prioritizing case reports, clinical series, and specialized reviews. The case describes a 58-year-old male with an incidentally detected anterior mediastinal mass on contrast-enhanced computed tomography, subsequently confirmed as grade 2 atypical thymic carcinoid through histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The patient underwent complete surgical resection followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, showing favorable clinical evolution. This case underscores the crucial role of advanced thoracic imaging, timely surgical intervention, and structured oncologic surveillance. Multicenter studies are required to better define the prognostic value of adjuvant therapy and emerging molecular markers.
Tipo de artículo: Caso clínico El carcinoide atípico del timo es un tumor neuroendocrino extremadamente infrecuente y clínicamente desafiante, caracterizado por comportamiento agresivo, tendencia a recurrencia y potencial metastásico significativo. Su presentación clínica suele ser inespecífica o incluso asintomática, lo que dificulta el diagnóstico temprano y contribuye a tasas de supervivencia reducidas en estadios avanzados. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar un caso clínico con diagnóstico incidental en estadio temprano, resaltando la importancia de la correlación clínico-radiológica y el abordaje multidisciplinario para optimizar el manejo terapéutico y el pronóstico. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de la literatura consultando bases de datos PubMed, ScienceDirect y Scielo, utilizando los términos: thymic neuroendocrine tumor, atypical carcinoid, thymic carcinoid y anterior mediastinal mass. Se incluyeron artículos en inglés y español publicados entre 1990 y 2024, priorizando reportes de caso, series clínicas y revisiones especializadas. El caso descrito corresponde a un paciente masculino de 58 años con masa mediastinal detectada incidentalmente mediante tomografía, confirmándose carcinoide atípico tímico grado 2 por histopatología e inmunohistoquímica. Fue tratado con resección completa y radioterapia adyuvante, evidenciándose evolución clínica favorable. Este caso subraya el papel fundamental de la tomografía contrastada, la resección oportuna y la vigilancia oncológica estructurada.
Neoplasias del Timo; Carcinoma Neuroendocrino; Mediastino; Hallazgos Incidentales., Neoplasias del Timo; Carcinoma Neuroendocrino; Mediastino; Hallazgos Incidentales.
Neoplasias del Timo; Carcinoma Neuroendocrino; Mediastino; Hallazgos Incidentales., Neoplasias del Timo; Carcinoma Neuroendocrino; Mediastino; Hallazgos Incidentales.
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