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Research . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Research . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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DAG and Topological sort to reduce unnecessary reasoning by LLMs

Authors: Maluskar, Hrishikesh;

DAG and Topological sort to reduce unnecessary reasoning by LLMs

Abstract

This paper presents a novel orchestration architecture for multi-agent AI systems, specifically the OctaMind system. It replaces the traditional iterative ReAct loop with a "plan once, sort, execute deterministically" pattern. By invoking an LLM exactly once to construct a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) and using Kahn's topological sort for sequencing, the system reduces orchestration LLM calls by up to 70% on complex tasks. The architecture features a two-level design: a macro-DAG planner for routing tasks across heterogeneous agents and a micro-DAG engine for individual tool calls within sub-agents. Performance Metrics: Reduces LLM calls by 58–85% on multi-step workflows. Topological sort time: <0.1 ms. Planning success rate for single-agent tasks: ~98%.

Keywords

AI Agents (Gmail, Google Drive, WhatsApp, etc.), Large Language Models (LLM), OctaMind, Topological Sort / Kahn's Algorithm, ReAct Paradigm, Multi-Agent Systems, DAG Orchestration

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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