This article analyzes the methodology of teaching ophthalmology through clinical cases and outlines the specific features and approaches of casebased learning (CBL) in undergraduate medical education. The study focuses on implementing structured clinical cases, smallgroup discussions, and guided feedback for ophthalmology teaching, and compares the learning outcomes of this approach with those of 178 students from the Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health (FMIOPH), where ophthalmology was taught predominantly through traditional lecturebased methods. Outcomes include diagnostic accuracy, clinical reasoning, and student satisfaction, evaluated with standardized tests and perception questionnaires. The results demonstrate that clinical case–based ophthalmology teaching is associated with higher knowledge application scores and improved clinical reasoning skills, supporting its broader integration into the medical curriculum.