The rapid modernization of education systems has led to a growing emphasis on standardized curricula and globally recognized sports, often at the expense of indigenous cultural practices. In Sri Lanka, traditional games represent a significant component of the nation’s intangible cultural heritage and play a vital role in promoting physical fitness, social cohesion, and cultural identity. This paper examines the potential benefits of integrating Sri Lankan traditional games into modern school curricula to enhance both physical and cultural education. Drawing on existing literature on physical education, culturally responsive pedagogy, and heritage preservation, the study argues that traditional games contribute to holistic student development by improving motor skills, encouraging active participation, fostering teamwork, and strengthening national identity. Furthermore, the inclusion of indigenous games within formal educational frameworks can support sustainable cultural transmission across generations. The paper also discusses key challenges, including limited institutional support, insufficient teacher training, and curriculum constraints, and proposes strategic recommendations for effective implementation. Integrating traditional games into contemporary educational practice offers a culturally grounded and inclusive approach to physical education that aligns with broader educational goals of holistic development and cultural sustainability.