This repository contains the replication dataset and Stata code used in the article “Strategic Mineral Specialization and Structural Transformation: Value-Chain Integration in Rare Earths and Niobium”. The dataset is a cross-country panel covering mineral-exporting economies for the period 2000–2025. It combines international trade statistics for rare earth elements and ferroniobium with macroeconomic indicators including manufacturing value added, foreign direct investment, gross fixed capital formation, exports, and real effective exchange rates. The Stata replication file reproduces the econometric models presented in the paper, including two-way fixed effects panel estimations with clustered standard errors. Primary data sources include UN Comtrade, the World Bank World Development Indicators, the Bank for International Settlements effective exchange rate statistics, and the World Bank Commodity Price Database (Pink Sheet).