The strategic partnership between the United States and the Democratic Republic of the Congo represents one of the most consequential economic and geopolitical initiatives involving Africa’s mineral sector in the twenty-first century. The Democratic Republic of the Congo possesses extraordinary natural resource endowments. The country holds the world’s largest reserves of cobalt and substantial deposits of copper, lithium, manganese, and rare earth minerals. These resources are essential inputs for modern technologies, particularly lithium-ion batteries used in electric vehicles, renewable energy storage systems, and digital electronics. Despite this abundance, the Congolese economy has historically captured only a small portion of the value generated from these minerals. For decades, the dominant model of mineral extraction in the DRC involved exporting raw materials to industrialized economies where processing, manufacturing, and technological innovation occurred. The Strategic Partnership Framework seeks to alter this historical pattern by promoting industrial development within the DRC and integrating the country into global value chains for battery production and clean energy technologies. From a policy perspective, the partnership represents an effort to reposition the Democratic Republic of the Congo from a peripheral supplier of raw materials to a central participant in the global energy transition economy.