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Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Calibrated Holomorphic Realization of Rational Hodge Classes

Authors: Washburn, Jonathan;

Calibrated Holomorphic Realization of Rational Hodge Classes

Abstract

We give a complete, constructive proof of the Hodge conjecture for every rational Hodge class γ∈H2p(X,\Q)∩Hp,p(X) \gamma \in H^{2p}(X,\Q) \cap H^{p,p}(X) γ∈H2p(X,\Q)∩Hp,p(X) on a smooth complex projective manifold X X X. The argument proceeds in three independent, modular papers that together form a single logical chain. Paper I manufactures, inside each small coordinate cube, a finite collection of holomorphic complete-intersection sheets whose tangent planes stay within a prescribed tolerance of any given finite set of calibrated directions, whose masses realize any prescribed nonnegative mass fractions up to a single-sheet rounding error of controlled size, and whose boundary traces on every face of the cube are translated copies of a fixed reference template plus an error of order O(εholsk−1) O(\varepsilon_{\mathrm{hol}} s^{k-1}) O(εholsk−1), where s s s is the Bergman scale. Paper II assembles these local packets across a mesh of cubes. Global coherence of the master templates across shared faces produces a raw integral current whose boundary has flat norm tending to zero uniformly over the final 0 0 0-1 1 1 rounding choices. Cube-wise control of mass and tangent-plane barycenter forces the fractional bookkeeping current to have periods arbitrarily close to the target integral periods; fixed-dimensional discrepancy rounding then selects the final on/off decisions for the marginal sheets, after which a Federer–Fleming filling current of vanishing mass closes the cycle in the exact target homology class. The resulting sequence is almost-calibrated (calibration defect →0 \to 0 →0) and lies in the fixed Poincaré-dual class PD(m[β]) \mathrm{PD}(m[\beta]) PD(m[β]). Paper III applies compactness of integral currents of bounded mass and zero boundary: any almost-calibrated sequence converges (after passing to a subsequence) to a ψ \psi ψ-calibrated integral cycle in the same homology class. Such a cycle is a positive sum of complex analytic subvarieties of codimension p p p (Harvey–Lawson/King). For cone-positive classes (those admitting a smooth closed cone-valued representative β \beta β) this already yields algebraicity. An elementary signed decomposition writes an arbitrary rational Hodge class as the difference of a cone-positive class and a positive rational multiple of [ωp] [\omega^p] [ωp]; the latter is algebraic by Bertini (complete intersections of hyperplane sections), so the general class is algebraic. Hard Lefschetz reduces the range p>n/2 p > n/2 p>n/2 to p≤n/2 p \le n/2 p≤n/2. The entire proof uses only classical tools: quantitative Bergman-kernel estimates, Federer–Fleming theory, Harvey–Lawson calibrated geometry, Chow’s theorem, and Serre GAGA. The global-assembly step isolates and repairs the single point where earlier long-form arguments were vulnerable (period control before rounding). No further assumptions are required.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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