Introduction Data Review and Archive Data review and archiving can be a time-consuming process, especially when done manually. This review report aims to help facilitate both activities. It automates the archiving of datasets, including Darwin Core archives, and is a citable backup of a version of the dataset. Additionally, an automatic review of species interaction claims made in the dataset is generated and registered with Global Biotic Interactions (J. H. Poelen, Simons, and Mungall 2014). This review includes summary statistics about, and observations about, the dataset under review : Carvajal-Quintero, J.D. et al. 2026. Degradation of fish food webs in the Anthropocene. Science Advances. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adu6540 https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026/archive/277554197948e51d8e08cc962c3181d0fe8df553.zip 2026-03-05T20:57:47.380Z hash://md5/819557ec211ba1e72cf937fd26cf4e25 For additional metadata related to this dataset, please visit https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026 and inspect associated metadata files including, but not limited to, README.md, eml.xml, and/or globi.json. Methods The review is performed through programmatic scripts that leverage tools like Preston (Elliott et al. 2025), Elton (Kuhn, Poelen, and Leinweber 2025), Nomer (Salim and Poelen 2025), globinizer (J. Poelen, Seltmann, and Mietchen 2024) combined with third-party tools like grep, mlr, tail and head. Tools used in this review process tool name version preston 0.11.1 elton 0.16.6 nomer 0.6.2 globinizer 0.4.0 mlr 6.0.0 jq 1.6 yq 4.25.3 pandoc 3.1.6.1 duckdb 1.3.1 mapserver 7.6.4 The review process can be described in the form of the script below 1. # get versioned copy of the dataset (size approx. 93.8MiB) under review elton pull globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026 # generate review notes elton review globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026\ > review.tsv # export indexed interaction records elton interactions globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026\ > interactions.tsv # export names and align them with the Catalogue of Life using Nomer elton names globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026\ | nomer append col\ > name-alignment.tsv or visually, in a process diagram. Review Process Overview You can find a copy of the full review script at check-data.sh. See also GitHub and Codeberg. Results In the following sections, the results of the review are summarized 2. Then, links to the detailed review reports are provided. Files The following files are produced in this review: filename description biblio.bib list of bibliographic reference of this review check-dataset.sh data review workflow/process as expressed in a bash script data.zip a versioned archive of the data under review HEAD the digital signature of the data under review index.docx review in MS Word format index.html review in HTML format index.md review in Pandoc markdown format index.pdf review in PDF format indexed-citations.csv.gz list of distinct reference citations for reviewed species interaction claims in gzipped comma-separated values file format indexed-citations.html.gz list of distinct reference citations for reviewed species interactions claims in gzipped html file format indexed-citations.tsv.gz list of distinct reference citations for reviewed species interaction claims in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-interactions-col-family-col-family.svg network diagram showing the taxon family to taxon family interaction claims in the dataset under review as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life via Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) indexed-interactions-col-kingdom-col-kingdom.svg network diagram showing the taxon kingdom to taxon kingom interaction claims in the dataset under review as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life via Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) indexed-interactions.csv.gz species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-interactions.html.gz species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped html format indexed-interactions.tsv.gz species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-interactions.parquet species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in Apache Parquet format indexed-interactions.png species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review plotted on a map indexed-interactions.gpkg species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in GeoPackage format indexed-interactions-h3.gpkg geospatially clustered h3 species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in GeoPackage format indexed-interactions-sample.csv list of species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-interactions-sample.html first 500 species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in html format indexed-interactions-sample.tsv first 500 species interaction claims indexed from the dataset under review in tab-separated values format indexed-names.csv.gz taxonomic names indexed from the dataset under review in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in gzipped html format indexed-names.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-col.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-col.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-col.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-col.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Catalogue of Life as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-discoverlife.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-discoverlife.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-discoverlife.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-discoverlife.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Discover Life bee species checklist as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-gbif.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with GBIF Backbone Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-itis.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-itis.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-itis.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-itis.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-mdd.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-mdd.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-mdd.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-mdd.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Mammal Diversity Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-ncbi.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the NCBI Taxonomy as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-pbdb.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Paleobiology Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-pbdb.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Paleobiology Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-pbdb.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Paleobiology Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-pbdb.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with Paleobiology Database as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-tpt.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Terrestrial Parasite Tracker (TPT) Taxonomic Resource as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-tpt.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Terrestrial Parasite Tracker (TPT) Taxonomic Resource as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-tpt.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Terrestrial Parasite Tracker (TPT) Taxonomic Resource as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-tpt.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the Terrestrial Parasite Tracker (TPT) Taxonomic Resource as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-wfo.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World of Flora Online as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-wfo.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World of Flora Online as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-wfo.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World of Flora Online as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-wfo.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World of Flora Online as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-resolved-worms.csv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped comma-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-worms.html.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped html format indexed-names-resolved-worms.tsv.gz taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in gzipped tab-separated values format indexed-names-resolved-worms.parquet taxonomic names found in the dataset under review aligned with the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) as accessed through the Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources (J. H. (ed. ). Poelen 2024) in Apache Parquet format indexed-names-sample.csv first 500 taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in comma-separated values format indexed-names-sample.html first 500 taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in html format indexed-names-sample.tsv first 500 taxonomic names found in the dataset under review in tab-separated values format interaction.svg diagram summarizing the data model used to index species interaction claims nanopub-sample.trig first 500 species interaction claims as expressed in the nanopub format (Kuhn and Dumontier 2014) nanopub.trig.gz species interaction claims as expressed in the nanopub format (Kuhn and Dumontier 2014) process.svg diagram summarizing the data review processing workflow prov.nq origin of the dataset under review as expressed in rdf/nquads review.csv.gz review notes associated with the dataset under review in gzipped comma-separated values format review.html.gz review notes associated with the dataset under review in gzipped html format review.tsv.gz review notes associated with the dataset under review in gzipped tab-separated values format review-sample.csv first 500 review notes associated with the dataset under review in comma-separated values format review-sample.html first 500 review notes associated with the dataset under review in html format review-sample.tsv first 500 review notes associated with the dataset under review in tab-separated values format review.svg a review badge generated as part of the dataset review process zenodo.json metadata of this review expressed in Zenodo record metadata Archived Dataset Note that data.zip file in this archive contains the complete, unmodified archived dataset under review. Biotic Interactions Biotic Interaction Data Model In this review, biotic interactions (or biotic associations) are modeled as a primary (aka subject, source) organism interacting with an associate (aka object, target) organism. The dataset under review classified the primary/associate organisms with specific taxa. The primary and associate organisms The kind of interaction is documented as an interaction type. The dataset under review, named globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026, has fingerprint hash://md5/819557ec211ba1e72cf937fd26cf4e25, is 93.8MiB in size and contains 269,754 interactions with 1 unique type of association (e.g., preysOn) between 4,158 primary taxa (e.g., Electrona antarctica) and 13,436 associated taxa (e.g., Euphausiacea). An exhaustive list of indexed interaction claims can be found in gzipped csv, tsv, geopackage and parquet archives. To facilitate discovery, a preview of claims available in the gzipped html page at indexed-interactions.html.gz are shown below. The exhaustive list was used to create the following data summaries below. Sample of Indexed Interaction Claims sourceTaxonName interactionTypeName targetTaxonName referenceCitation Lampanyctodes hectoris preysOn Pleuromamma remains FishBase Prionace glauca preysOn Nomeidae FishBase Abramis brama preysOn Hydracarina FishBase Abramis brama preysOn Pisidiidae FishBase Most Frequently Mentioned Interaction Types (up to 20 most frequent) interactionTypeName count preysOn 269754 Most Frequently Mentioned Primary Taxa (up to 20 most frequent) sourceTaxonName count Electrona antarctica 46412 Gymnoscopelus braueri 20918 Gymnoscopelus nicholsi 9834 Gymnoscopelus opisthopterus 6375 Krefftichthys anderssoni 5029 Salmo trutta 4110 Thunnus alalunga 3588 Gadus morhua 2450 Thunnus thynnus 2165 Melanogrammus aeglefinus 2078 Merlangius merlangus 1714 Dicentrarchus labrax 1390 Trematomus bernacchii 1301 Xiphias gladius 1060 Pollachius virens 954 Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis 874 Gadus macrocephalus 835 Merluccius merluccius 811 Hippoglossoides platessoides 802 Most Frequently Mentioned Associate Taxa (up to 20 most frequent) targetTaxonName count Euphausiacea 29767 Amphipoda 8839 Dinophyceae 7088 Calanoida 6632 Crustacea 3610 Siphonophorae 2943 Collodaria 2912 Maurolicus muelleri 2818 Actinopterygii 2662 Decapoda 2656 Gastropoda 2655 Animalia 2619 Bivalvia 2504 Cephalopoda 2220 Insecta 2015 Mollusca 1904 Stomatopoda 1873 Annelida 1774 Coronatae 1768 Most Frequent Interactions between Primary and Associate Taxa (up to 20 most frequent) sourceTaxonName interactionTypeName targetTaxonName count Electrona antarctica preysOn Euphausiacea 16366 Gymnoscopelus braueri preysOn Euphausiacea 7338 Electrona antarctica preysOn Amphipoda 4360 Electrona antarctica preysOn Dinophyceae 3950 Electrona antarctica preysOn Calanoida 3546 Gymnoscopelus nicholsi preysOn Euphausiacea 3391 Thunnus alalunga preysOn Maurolicus muelleri 2735 Gymnoscopelus opisthopterus preysOn Euphausiacea 2257 Gymnoscopelus braueri preysOn Amphipoda 1957 Gymnoscopelus braueri preysOn Dinophyceae 1773 Electrona antarctica preysOn Siphonophorae 1627 Electrona antarctica preysOn Collodaria 1624 Gymnoscopelus braueri preysOn Calanoida 1594 Dicentrarchus labrax preysOn Schistomysis spiritus 1316 Thunnus thynnus preysOn Ammodytes 1179 Salmo trutta preysOn Simuliidae 1115 Electrona antarctica preysOn Coronatae 986 Gymnoscopelus nicholsi preysOn Amphipoda 906 Gymnoscopelus nicholsi preysOn Dinophyceae 817 Interaction Networks The figures below provide a graph view on the dataset under review. The first shows a summary network on the kingdom level, and the second shows how interactions on the family level. It is important to note that both network graphs were first aligned taxonomically using the Catalogue of Life. Please refer to the original (or verbatim) taxonomic names for a more original view on the interaction data. Interactions on taxonomic kingdom rank as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life download svg Interactions on the taxonomic family rank as interpreted by the Catalogue of Life. download svg You can download the indexed dataset under review at indexed-interactions.csv.gz. A tab-separated file can be found at indexed-interactions.tsv.gz Geospatial Distribution If geospatial information was extracted from the dataset under review, the map below will show their distribution. Hexagonal grid cells indicate that interactions claims are available for selected geospatial area: light yellow means relatively fewer claims, dark green relatively more claims. Associated data can be found in the geopackage files at indexed-interactions.gpkg for point data and indexed-interactions-h3.gpkg for data clustered in geospatial h3 hexagonals. Learn more about the structure of this download at GloBI website, by opening a GitHub issue, or by sending an email. Another way to discover the dataset under review is by searching for it on the GloBI website. Taxonomic Alignment As part of the review, all names are aligned against various name catalogs (e.g., col, ncbi, discoverlife, gbif, itis, wfo, mdd, tpt, pbdb, and worms). These alignments can help review name usage or aid in selecting of a suitable taxonomic name resource. Sample of Name Alignments providedName relationName resolvedCatalogName resolvedName Abalistes stellatus HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME col Abalistes stellatus Abarenicola affinis HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME col Abarenicola affinis Abdopus HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME col Abdopus Abietinaria abietina HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME col Abietinaria abietina Distribution of Taxonomic Ranks of Aligned Names by Catalog. Names that were not aligned with a catalog are counted as NAs. So, the total number of unaligned names for a catalog will be listed in their NA row. resolvedCatalogName resolvedRank count col NA 1210 col class 60 col family 1185 col form 1 col genus 2310 col gigaclass 1 col infraorder 11 col infraphylum 1 col infraspecific name 10 col kingdom 6 col megaclass 1 col order 147 col other 1 col parvorder 1 col parvphylum 2 col phylum 33 col species 9558 col subclass 19 col subfamily 19 col subgenus 64 col suborder 21 col subphylum 6 col subspecies 75 col superfamily 26 col superorder 3 col tribe 5 discoverlife NA 14632 gbif NA 281 gbif class 69 gbif family 1319 gbif form 17 gbif genus 2495 gbif kingdom 6 gbif order 149 gbif phylum 34 gbif species 10300 gbif subspecies 48 gbif variety 25 itis NA 1748 itis class 64 itis division 10 itis family 1228 itis form 1 itis genus 2225 itis infrakingdom 2 itis infraorder 10 itis infraphylum 2 itis kingdom 6 itis order 155 itis phylum 26 itis section 1 itis species 8996 itis subclass 37 itis subfamily 22 itis subkingdom 1 itis suborder 37 itis subphylum 9 itis subspecies 35 itis superclass 3 itis superdivision 1 itis superfamily 19 itis superorder 8 itis tribe 3 itis variety 2 mdd NA 14631 ncbi NA 2294 ncbi clade 16 ncbi class 64 ncbi cohort 1 ncbi family 1204 ncbi genus 2220 ncbi infraclass 2 ncbi infraorder 16 ncbi kingdom 2 ncbi order 158 ncbi parvorder 2 ncbi phylum 34 ncbi series 1 ncbi species 8496 ncbi subclass 30 ncbi subfamily 14 ncbi subgenus 18 ncbi suborder 24 ncbi subphylum 4 ncbi subspecies 30 ncbi superclass 2 ncbi superfamily 21 ncbi superkingdom 1 ncbi superorder 6 ncbi tribe 3 ncbi varietas 1 pbdb NA 10993 pbdb class 63 pbdb family 960 pbdb genus 1161 pbdb infraclass 3 pbdb infraorder 11 pbdb kingdom 5 pbdb order 145 pbdb phylum 36 pbdb species 1164 pbdb subclass 25 pbdb subfamily 14 pbdb subgenus 1 pbdb subkingdom 1 pbdb suborder 37 pbdb subphylum 5 pbdb subspecies 4 pbdb superclass 1 pbdb superfamily 23 pbdb superorder 6 pbdb superphylum 2 pbdb tribe 3 pbdb unranked clade 34 tpt NA 14541 tpt family 19 tpt genus 19 tpt order 3 tpt species 49 wfo NA 14354 wfo family 29 wfo genus 119 wfo order 3 wfo species 126 wfo subspecies 1 worms NA 1341 worms class 70 worms family 1199 worms forma 6 worms genus 2130 worms gigaclass 1 worms infraclass 5 worms infrakingdom 2 worms infraorder 12 worms infraphylum 1 worms kingdom 6 worms megaclass 1 worms order 157 worms parvphylum 2 worms phylum 33 worms phylum (division) 6 worms species 9503 worms subclass 28 worms subfamily 28 worms subgenus 4 worms suborder 36 worms subphylum 9 worms subspecies 28 worms superclass 1 worms superfamily 24 worms superorder 7 worms tribe 4 worms variety 16 Name relationship types per catalog. Name relationship type "NONE" means that a name was not recognized by the associated catalog. "SAME_AS" indicates either a "HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME" or "SYNONYM_OF" name relationship type. We recognize that "SYNONYM_OF" encompasses many types of nomenclatural synonymies resolvedCatalogName relationName count col HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 16945 col SYNONYM_OF 2307 col NONE 1260 discoverlife NONE 17549 gbif HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 17384 gbif SYNONYM_OF 3054 gbif NONE 298 itis HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 14999 itis NONE 1895 itis SYNONYM_OF 874 mdd NONE 17515 mdd HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 22 ncbi SAME_AS 14500 ncbi NONE 2455 ncbi SYNONYM_OF 690 pbdb NONE 13222 pbdb HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 4166 pbdb SYNONYM_OF 409 tpt NONE 17446 tpt HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 87 tpt SYNONYM_OF 4 wfo NONE 17230 wfo SYNONYM_OF 87 wfo HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 220 wfo HAS_UNCHECKED_NAME 24 worms HAS_ACCEPTED_NAME 14808 worms NONE 1438 worms SYNONYM_OF 1895 List of Available Name Alignment Reports catalog name alignment results col associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) ncbi associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) discoverlife associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) gbif associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) itis associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) wfo associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) mdd associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) tpt associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) pbdb associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) worms associated names alignments report in gzipped html, csv, and tsv) Additional Reviews Elton, Nomer, and other tools may have difficulties interpreting existing species interaction datasets. Or, they may misbehave, or otherwise show unexpected behavior. As part of the review process, detailed review notes are kept that document possibly misbehaving, or confused, review bots. An sample of review notes associated with this review can be found below. First few lines in the review notes. reviewDate reviewCommentType reviewComment 2026-03-05T21:04:42Z note target taxon name missing 2026-03-05T21:04:42Z note target taxon name missing 2026-03-05T21:04:42Z note target taxon name missing 2026-03-05T21:04:42Z note target taxon name missing In addition, you can find the most frequently occurring notes in the table below. Most frequently occurring review notes, if any. reviewComment count target taxon name missing 72140 For additional information on review notes, please have a look at the first 500 Review Notes in html format or the download full gzipped csv or tsv archives. GloBI Review Badge As part of the review, a review badge is generated. This review badge can be included in webpages to indicate the review status of the dataset under review. Picture of a GloBI Review Badge 3 Note that if the badge is green, no review notes were generated. If the badge is yellow, the review bots may need some help with interpreting the species interaction data. GloBI Index Badge If the dataset under review has been registered with GloBI, and has been succesfully indexed by GloBI, the GloBI Index Status Badge will turn green. This means that the dataset under review was indexed by GloBI and is available through GloBI services and derived data products. Picture of a GloBI Index Badge 4 If you'd like to keep track of reviews or index status of the dataset under review, please visit GloBI's dataset index 5 for badge examples. Discussion This review and archive provides a means of creating citable versions of datasets that change frequently. This may be useful for dataset managers, including natural history collection data managers, as a backup archive of a shared Darwin Core archive. It also serves as a means of creating a trackable citation for the dataset in an automated way, while also including some information about the contents of the dataset. This review aims to provide a perspective on the dataset to aid in understanding of species interaction claims discovered. However, it is important to note that this review does not assess the quality of the dataset. Instead, it serves as an indication of the open-ness6 and FAIRness (Wilkinson et al. 2016; Trekels et al. 2023) of the dataset: to perform this review, the data was likely openly available, Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable. The current Open-FAIR assessment is qualitative, and a more quantitative approach can be implemented with specified measurement units. This report also showcases the reuse of machine-actionable (meta)data, something highly recommended by the FAIR Data Principles (Wilkinson et al. 2016). Making (meta)data machine-actionable enables more precise procesing by computers, enabling even naive review bots like Nomer and Elton to interpret the data effectively. This capability is crucial for not just automating the generation of reports, but also for facilitating seamless data exchanges, promoting interoperability. Acknowledgements We thank the many humans that created us and those who created and maintained the data, software and other intellectual resources that were used for producing this review. In addition, we are grateful for the natural resources providing the basis for these human and bot activities. Also, thanks to https://github.com/zygoballus for helping improve the layout of the review tables. Author contributions Nomer was responsible for name alignments. Elton carried out dataset extraction, and generated the review notes. Preston tracked, versioned, and packaged, the dataset under review. References Elliott, Michael, Jorrit Poelen, Icaro Alzuru, Emilio Berti, and partha04patel. 2025. "Bio-Guoda/Preston: 0.10.5." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14662206. ICZN. 1999. "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature." The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, UK. https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-code-online/. Kuhn, Tobias, and Michel Dumontier. 2014. "Trusty URIs: Verifiable, Immutable, and Permanent Digital Artifacts for Linked Data." In The Semantic Web: Trends and Challenges, edited by Valentina Presutti, Claudia d'Amato, Fabien Gandon, Mathieu d'Aquin, Steffen Staab, and Anna Tordai, 395–410. Cham: Springer International Publishing. Kuhn, Tobias, Jorrit Poelen, and Katrin Leinweber. 2025. "Globalbioticinteractions/Elton: 0.15.1." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14927734. Poelen, Jorrit H. (ed.). 2024. "Nomer Corpus of Taxonomic Resources Hash://Sha256/ B60c0d25a16ae77b24305782017b1a270b79b5d1746f832650 F2027ba536e276 Hash://Md5/17f1363a277ee0e4ecaf1b91c665e47e." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12695629. Poelen, Jorrit H., James D. Simons, and Chris J. Mungall. 2014. "Global Biotic Interactions: An Open Infrastructure to Share and Analyze Species-Interaction Datasets." Ecological Informatics 24 (November): 148–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2014.08.005. Poelen, Jorrit, Katja Seltmann, and Daniel Mietchen. 2024. "Globalbioticinteractions/Globinizer: 0.4.0." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10647565. Salim, José Augusto, and Jorrit Poelen. 2025. "Globalbioticinteractions/Nomer: 0.5.15." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14893840. Trekels, Maarten, Debora Pignatari Drucker, José Augusto Salim, Jeff Ollerton, Jorrit Poelen, Filipi Miranda Soares, Max Rünzel, Muo Kasina, Quentin Groom, and Mariano Devoto. 2023. "WorldFAIR Project (D10.1) Agriculture-related pollinator data standards use cases report." Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8176978. Wilkinson, Mark D., Michel Dumontier, IJsbrand Jan Aalbersberg, Gabrielle Appleton, Myles Axton, Arie Baak, Niklas Blomberg, et al. 2016. "The FAIR Guiding Principles for Scientific Data Management and Stewardship." Scientific Data 3 (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18. Note that you have to first get the data (e.g., via elton pull globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026) before being able to generate reviews (e.g., elton review globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026), extract interaction claims (e.g., elton interactions globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026), or list taxonomic names (e.g., elton names globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026)↩︎ Disclaimer: The results in this review should be considered friendly, yet naive, notes from an unsophisticated robot. Please keep that in mind when considering the review results.↩︎ Up-to-date status of the GloBI Review Badge can be retrieved from the GloBI Review Depot↩︎ Up-to-date status of the GloBI Index Badge can be retrieved from GloBI's API↩︎ At time of writing (2026-03-05) the version of the GloBI dataset index was available at https://globalbioticinteractions.org/datasets↩︎ According to http://opendefinition.org/: "Open data is data that can be freely used, re-used and redistributed by anyone - subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and sharealike."↩︎

Life on Earth is sustained by complex interactions between organisms and their environment. These biotic interactions can be captured in datasets and published digitally. We present a review and archiving process for such an openly accessible digital interactions dataset of known origin and discuss its outcome. The dataset under review, named globalbioticinteractions/carvajal-quintero-2026, has fingerprint hash://md5/819557ec211ba1e72cf937fd26cf4e25, is 93.8MiB in size and contains 269,754 interactions with 1 unique type of association (e.g., preysOn) between 4,158 primary taxa (e.g., Electrona antarctica) and 13,436 associated taxa (e.g., Euphausiacea). This report includes detailed summaries of interaction data, a taxonomic review from multiple catalogs, and an archived version of the dataset from which the reviews are derived.