Introduction.Cognitive impairment is a common comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive syndrome (COS) in the presence of cardiovascular pathology (CVD). The main mechanisms include chronic hypoxemia, systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and imbalance of the autonomic nervous system [1–3,5]. Recent studies indicate that cholinergic dysfunction is a key integrative mechanism linking peripheral pathology with cognitive decline [7,8].