The Excel file “Database_astigmatic_tolerance” contains participant-level demographic and refractive data and visual acuity (VA) outcomes. VA was measured under induced astigmatic defocus at two test distances (far and intermediate) for two simulated intraocular lens conditions (EMV and Eyhance) using the SimVis Gekko device. The workbook has three sheets: Demographic Far distance Intermediate distance All measurements are linked across sheets through the unique participant identifier (ID). Sheet 1: Demographic One row per participant/eye. Variables ID: unique participant identifier (string; format SV_AST-XX). Age: age in years (integer). Sex: biological sex (categorical). Coding: F = female, M = male. Eye: tested eye (categorical). Coding: RE = right eye, LE = left eye. Pup_photo: photopic pupil diameter in millimeters (mm). Pup_meso: mesopic pupil diameter in millimeters (mm). Sph_Obj: objective refraction sphere in diopters (D). Cyl_Obj: objective refraction cylinder in diopters (D). Negative-cylinder notation is used. Axis_Obj: objective refraction cylinder axis in degrees (0-180). Sph_Subj: subjective refraction sphere in diopters (D). Cyl_Subj: subjective refraction cylinder in diopters (D). Negative-cylinder notation is used. Axis_Subj: subjective refraction cylinder axis in degrees (0-180). If Cyl_Subj = 0, Axis_Subj may be 0 by convention. VA: visual acuity in logMAR recorded with the subjective correction at the distance indicated in Distance. Distance: test distance category for the VA value in this sheet (here, “Far”). Sheet 2: Far distance Long-format table. Each row corresponds to one VA measurement for a given participant under a specific experimental condition at far distance. Variables ID: participant identifier (links to Demographic). IOL: intraocular lens design/condition evaluated (categorical). Values in this dataset: EMV, Eyhance. Defocus_amount: cylinder power (in diopters, D) of the inducing lens used to generate astigmatic blur (minus-cylinder notation). Values present: 0.00, -0.50, -1.00, -1.50. Defocus_axis: axis orientation (in degrees) of the inducing lens used to generate astigmatic blur. Values present: 0 or 90. Distance: test distance category for this sheet (constant “Far”). Pupil: pupil diameter condition in millimeters (mm) used for the measurement/condition (integer values). In this sheet the value is 3 (i.e., 3-mm pupil condition). VA: visual acuity outcome in logMAR for the specified condition. Sheet 3: Intermediate distance Same structure as “Far distance”, but measured at intermediate distance. Each row corresponds to one VA measurement for a given participant under a specific condition at intermediate distance. Variables (same definitions as Far distance) ID IOL Defocus_amount (D): 0.0, -0.50, -1.00, -1.50 Defocus_axis (degrees): 0 or 90 Distance: constant “Intermediate” Pupil (mm): pupil diameter condition. Values present: 3 and 4 (i.e., 3-mm and 4-mm pupil conditions). VA (logMAR) How to interpret the experimental conditions (Far/Intermediate sheets) Each participant (ID) has repeated VA measurements across: IOL condition (e.g., EMV vs Eyhance), induced astigmatic defocus magnitude (Defocus_amount), induced astigmatic defocus axis (Defocus_axis), pupil diameter condition (Pupil; depending on sheet), and test distance (Far vs Intermediate, separated by sheet).