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An Integrated Electrochemical-Dielectric Framework for Multimodal Cellular Triage:Physics-Informed Edge AI on ESP32-S3

Authors: Vivas Zamora, Daniel Isaias; Sanchez Diaz, Jose Alfredo; Brito Guerrero, Yndira Patricia;

An Integrated Electrochemical-Dielectric Framework for Multimodal Cellular Triage:Physics-Informed Edge AI on ESP32-S3

Abstract

La detección temprana de anomalías celulares sigue siendo un desafío en entornos con recursos limitados donde no se dispone de infraestructura de diagnóstico convencional. Este trabajo presenta un marco electroquímico-dieléctrico unificado para el cribado celular multimodal (sangre completa y tampón) sin marcadores que integra la voltamperometría de Reacción de Evolución de Hidrógeno (HER) con compensación dinámica de caída óhmica, espectroscopia dieléctrica de Maxwell-Wagner con ajuste espectral global y aprendizaje automático con regularización basada en la física en una plataforma de computación de borde. Postulamos que la acidosis metabólica se manifiesta como cambios en el potencial de inicio de HER, gobernados por la termodinámica nernstiana con dependencia explícita de la temperatura y términos de corrección cinética/óhmica, mientras que las anomalías genómicas, las bacterias y los parásitos alteran la permitividad compleja mediante la dinámica de mezcla de Hanai con diferenciación de dispersión α y β. Una Red Neuronal Convolucional (CNN) unidimensional con arquitectura dual y regularización basada en la física procesa las firmas electroquímicas en un microcontrolador ESP32-S3, garantizando la consistencia termodinámica durante la inferencia mediante la formulación explícita de una función de pérdida. El análisis teórico indica que las mediciones a nivel poblacional (> 10Exp⁵ células/mL) pueden alcanzar relaciones señal-ruido suficientes para la señalización de anomalías, aunque la detección de células individuales sigue siendo inviable. Se analizan los requisitos de implementación, incluyendo la compensación dinámica de iRΩ mediante pulsos de alta frecuencia, interfaces analógicas externas para espectroscopia de impedancia por encima de 1 MHz y el análisis de propagación de la incertidumbre con presupuestos de error para parámetros de pH y dieléctricos. Este marco se centra en aplicaciones de triaje más que en el diagnóstico definitivo, ofreciendo una herramienta de cribado portátil de menos de 50 USD para la detección de anomalías metabólicas, genéticas e infecciosas en múltiples matrices biológicas. Se proporciona código abierto y derivaciones matemáticas para facilitar la reproducibilidad y la validación comunitaria.

Early detection of cellular anomalies remains challenging in resource-limited settings where conventional diagnostic infrastructure is unavailable. This work presents a unified electrochemical-dielectric framework for multimodal (whole blood and buffer) label-free cellular screening that integrates Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) voltammetry with dynamic ohmic drop compensation, Maxwell-Wagner dielectric spectroscopy with global spectral fitting, and machine learning with physics-informed regularization on an edge computing platform. We postulate that metabolic acidosis manifests as shifts in HER onset potential governed by Nernstian thermodynamics with explicit temperature dependence and kinetic/ohmic correction terms, while genomic anomalies, bacteria, and parasites alter complex permittivity through Hanai mixture dynamics with α and β dispersion differentiation. A 1D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with dual architecture and physics-informed regularization processes electrochemical signatures on an ESP32-S3 microcontroller, ensuring thermodynamic consistency during inference through explicit loss function formulation. Theoretical analysis indicates that populationlevel measurements (> 10Exp5 cells/mL) can achieve signal-to-noise ratios sufficient for anomaly flagging, though individual cell detection remains infeasible. We discuss implementation requirements, including dynamic iRΩ compensation via highfrequency pulse, external analog front-ends for impedance spectroscopy above 1 MHz, and uncertainty propagation analysis with error budgets for pH and dielectric parameters. This framework targets triage applications rather than definitive diagnosis, offering a sub-$50 portable screening tool for detection of metabolic, genetic, and infectious anomalies in multiple biological matrices. Open-source code and mathematical derivations are provided to facilitate reproducibility and community validation.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Hydro-Logics Protocol, Sensorless Diagnostics, Trisomy 21, ESP32-S3, Maxwell-Wagner Effect, 1D-CNN, Edge AI, Nernst Thermodynamics, Hanai Mixture Theory, Cancer Screening

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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Cancer Research