
Annotatsiya Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston hududida bronza va ilk temir davrlarida qishloq jamoalarining shakllanishi va evolyutsiyasi masalalari arxeologik ma’lumotlar asosida tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda Sapallitepa, Jarqo‘ton va Chust madaniyati kabi yodgorliklarning o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari, sug‘orma dehqonchilikning roli hamda ijtimoiy tabaqalanish jarayonlari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, temir asriga o‘tish davridagi texnologik va demografik o‘zgarishlar ilmiy asoslab berilgan. Kalit so‘zlar: Bronza davri, ilk temir davri, qishloq jamoasi, Sapallitepa, Jarqo‘ton, urbanizatsiya, sug‘orma dehqonchilik, ijtimoiy tabaqalanish. Аннотация В данной статье на основе археологических данных анализируются вопросы формирования и эволюции сельских общин на территории Узбекистана в эпоху бронзы и раннего железа. В исследовании освещены особенности таких памятников, как Сапаллитепа, Джаркутан и Чустская культура, роль ирригационного земледелия и процессы социальной стратификации. Также научно обоснованы технологические и демографические изменения в период перехода к железному веку. Ключевые слова: Эпоха бронзы, ранний железный век, сельская община, Сапаллитепа, Джаркутан, урбанизация, поливное земледелие, социальная стратификация. Abstract This article analyzes the formation and evolution of rural communities in the territory of Uzbekistan during the Bronze and Early Iron Ages based on archaeological data. The study highlights the features of such monuments as Sapallitepa, Jarkutan and Chust culture, the role of irrigation agriculture and the processes of social stratification. Technological and demographic changes during the transition to the Iron Age are also scientifically substantiated. Keywords: Bronze Age, Early Iron Age, rural community, Sapallitepa, Jarkutan, urbanization, irrigated agriculture, social stratification.
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