This article describes the functions of electrical networks, the processes of transmitting electrical energy from generation to consumers, as well as the structural design and operating principles of overhead power transmission lines (OPTL). The reliability of power supply, power quality, classification of consumers, and the main technical elements used in transmission lines are analyzed. The transmission of electric power through electrical networks and overhead power lines (OHLs) plays a fundamental role in modern power systems, ensuring the reliable and efficient delivery of electricity from generation sources to consumers. With the continuous growth of electricity demand and the integration of renewable energy sources, transmission systems must operate under increasingly complex technical and environmental conditions. This study examines the principles, structure, and operational characteristics of electric power transmission through high-voltage electrical networks and overhead transmission lines. Special attention is given to power losses, voltage regulation, stability issues, and environmental impacts. The technical advantages and limitations of overhead power lines are analyzed in comparison with alternative transmission technologies. Furthermore, modern improvements such as high-voltage alternating current (HVAC), high-voltage direct current (HVDC), and smart grid technologies are discussed. The results demonstrate that optimized network configuration, proper conductor selection, reactive power compensation, and digital monitoring systems significantly improve transmission efficiency and reliability. The findings provide a theoretical and practical foundation for enhancing long-distance electric power transmission systems.