This article explores the theoretical foundations of translating Uzbek historical novels from the perspective of translation studies. Uzbek historical novels represent important historical events, national traditions, cultural values, and social realities, which makes their translation a complex and responsible task. The study focuses on the key theoretical concepts such as equivalence, adequacy, cultural transfer, and functional correspondence in the process of literary translation. Special attention is given to the translation of historical realia, archaic vocabulary, proper names, titles, and culturally bound expressions that reflect the historical and cultural context of the source text. The research also examines the role of the translator in preserving historical authenticity, artistic style, and cultural identity while ensuring clarity and accessibility for the target audience. The study applies theoretical and analytical approaches to identify effective translation strategies used in rendering Uzbek historical novels into foreign languages.