During our research, mechanisms for the effective use of agricultural potential in reducing existing regional disparities in the socio-economic development of the regions of Uzbekistan were studied in depth scientifically. During the research, the role of agriculture in eliminating interregional disparities was analyzed in detail based on international and national statistical indicators, scientific literature, and best practices of foreign countries. According to the results of the analysis, it was necessary to increase the efficiency of resource use in agricultural sectors, strengthen interregional integration, and make wider use of public-private partnership mechanisms to mitigate existing disparities in the country.