This paper presents a literature-based review of poliomyelitis in Pakistan, examining its historical development, epidemiological trends, and institutional response efforts. Drawing upon reports from the World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, the Pakistan Polio Eradication Programme, and the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, the study summarizes documented challenges including vaccination coverage, surveillance practices, population mobility, and community acceptance. The paper aims to provide an introductory academic overview of polio eradication efforts in Pakistan based on publicly available institutional sources.