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Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Анализ фазовой структуры и космологических следствий в модели двух скалярных полей с фермионами / Analysis of the phase structure and cosmological consequences in a model of two scalar fields with fermions

Анализ фазовой структуры и космологических следствий в модели двух скалярных полей с фермионами / Analysis of the phase structure and cosmological consequences in a model of two scalar fields with fermions

Abstract

В работе исследуется теоретическая модель, описывающая динамику системы, состоящей из двух вещественных скалярных полей ($\phi$, $\chi$) и дираковского фермиона ($\psi$), взаимодействующих через перенормируемый потенциал четвертой степени. Основное внимание уделено сценариям спонтанного нарушения симметрии, возникающим при отрицательных массовых членах в потенциале, что приводит к формированию нетривиальных вакуумных состояний. Проведён детальный анализ стационарных точек потенциала и определены условия устойчивости полученных вакуумов посредством явного вычисления матрицы вторых производных (гессиана). В работе введен и исследован спектральный параметр $S$, количественно характеризующий степень вырождения спектра масс скалярных возбуждений над различными вакуумными конфигурациями. Рассмотрены космологические приложения модели, включая сценарий инфляции с участием одного из полей, а также механизмы генерации первичных космологических возмущений. Проведён качественный анализ образования топологических дефектов (доменных стенок) и обсуждены их потенциальные наблюдательные проявления в реликтовом излучении. Численное моделирование уравнений Клейна-Гордона подтверждает аналитические результаты и демонстрирует эволюцию полей к истинному вакууму. Обсуждаются перспективы развития модели, включая учёт квантовых (радиационных) поправок и детальный анализ топологических структур. --------------------------------------------------------------- This paper investigates a theoretical model describing the dynamics of a system composed of two real scalar fields ($\phi$, $\chi$) and a Dirac fermion ($\psi$) interacting through a renormalizable quartic potential. The focus is placed on scenarios of spontaneous symmetry breaking arising from negative mass terms in the potential, which lead to the formation of nontrivial vacuum states. A detailed analysis of the stationary points of the potential is performed, and the stability conditions for the obtained vacua are determined through the explicit calculation of the Hessian matrix. A spectral measure $S$ is introduced and investigated, which quantitatively characterizes the degree of degeneracy of the mass spectrum of scalar excitations over various vacuum configurations. Cosmological applications of the model are considered, including an inflation scenario involving one of the fields and mechanisms for generating primary cosmological perturbations. A qualitative analysis of the formation of topological defects (domain walls) is conducted, and their potential observational manifestations in the cosmic microwave background are discussed. Numerical modeling of the Klein-Gordon equations confirms the analytical results and demonstrates the evolution of the fields toward the true vacuum. Prospects for the development of the model are discussed, including the incorporation of quantum (radiative) corrections and a detailed analysis of topological structures.

Keywords

нетривиальный вакуум, Spectral measure, Scalar fields, спектральная мера, скалярные поля, спонтанное нарушение симметрии, доменные стенки, Domain walls, инфляция, Nontrivial vacuum, Spontaneous symmetry breaking, Inflation

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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