This article analyzes the issues of reassessing the history of the Soviet period from the point of view of modern historiography. The study examines the political, economic, social, and cultural aspects of the legacy of the Soviet era, as well as the methodological problems arising in their assessment. Evaluations of Soviet history in the post-independence period, issues of historical memory, ideological interpretations, and the processes of formation of new scientific approaches are analyzed. The research results indicate the need for a comprehensive and critical approach to the study of the history of the Soviet period, free from ideological stereotypes.