Phase-indexed epistemology is a formal protocol for tracking truth-claims across transitions between states of consciousness. The framework identifies three structural failure modes — Globalization, Instrumentalization, and Flattening — that arise when state-generated propositions are translated without tracking their generating conditions. A proposition schema tags claims with generating phase, integrative depth, and validity conditions specifiable independently of the generating state. Five diagnostic conditions evaluate cross-phase translation integrity. The integrative depth metric orienting the framework is grounded in a derivation chain from a pre-subjective primitive ("there is") through mutual determination, universal computation, and geometric emergence to the 2-sphere (S²), established as the unique minimal geometric carrier satisfying the derived constraints. The derivation admits formal verification via proof assistant, providing phase-invariant warrant for the framework's structural claims.