Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
ZENODOarrow_drop_down
ZENODO
Preprint . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
addClaim

Numerical Coincidences between Prime Proportions from a Modular Sieve and Non-trivial Zeros of the Riemann ζ Function

Authors: Huang Feiyue;

Numerical Coincidences between Prime Proportions from a Modular Sieve and Non-trivial Zeros of the Riemann ζ Function

Abstract

This paper reports an unexpected observation derived from a modular sieve method for prime generation: the proportions of primes obtained under different moduli products systematically coincide with the imaginary parts of the first few non-trivial zeros of the Riemann ζ function. The method is based on an elementary number-theoretic fact: all primes greater than 5 fall into eight residue classes mod- ulo 30 (the “8-orbit” structure). By counting residue frequencies and applying a dynamic threshold, we obtain a series of prime proportions. At the scale N = 106, the deviations between 16 proportions and the zeros #6 to #14 are mostly within 0.2, with one point as small as 0.00345. Using these proportions to synthesize a wave and performing statistical tests on prime positions, we find: for x ≤ 100, 20 out of 25 primes (80.0%) lie on the positive side of the wave (p = 0.0016); for x ≤ 500, 63 out of 95 primes (66.3%) lie on the positive side (p = 7.6 × 10−4); for x ≤ 1000, 100 out of 168 primes (59.5%) lie on the positive side (p = 0.005). As x increases, the positive proportion gradually converges to 50%, in agreement with the amplitude decay x1/2/ ln x predicted by Riemann’s explicit formula. Repeating the test at x ≤ 1000 with a different set of 34 proportions obtained at N = 107 still yields 56.0% positive (p = 0.06), confirming the robustness of the phenomenon. The convergence coefficient δ is locked to 0.5 or 1.0 after optimization, numerically coinciding with the critical line R(s) = 1/2 of the Riemann hypothesis. These ob- servations offer a new empirical perspective on the connection between Riemann zeros and the distribution of primes. 

Keywords

modular sieve; Riemann ζ function; non-trivial zeros; prime distribu- tion; experimental mathematics

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
Powered by OpenAIRE graph
Found an issue? Give us feedback
selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Upload OA version
Are you the author of this publication? Upload your Open Access version to Zenodo!
It’s fast and easy, just two clicks!