This study provides a clinical comparison of pneumonia in full-term and preterm infants. Pneumonia remains one of the leading causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The clinical presentation, progression, and outcomes of pneumonia differ significantly between full-term and preterm infants due to differences in immune system maturity and organ development. Full-term infants generally exhibit acute and recognizable symptoms such as cough, fever, and respiratory distress, while preterm infants often present with subtle or atypical signs, including apnea, feeding difficulties, or lethargy. Diagnostic challenges are more pronounced in preterm infants, requiring careful evaluation through clinical assessment, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Management strategies, including antibiotic therapy, oxygen support, and intensive care, must be tailored according to gestational age and disease severity. Preventive measures, such as maternal vaccination, breastfeeding, and proper neonatal monitoring, are crucial for reducing the incidence and improving outcomes.