This thesis highlights the role and importance of track and field athletics in human health. The role of regular walking and running in improving cardiovascular system function, increasing vascular elasticity, and normalizing blood pressure is substantiated. Additionally, it is emphasized that engaging in track and field from childhood contributes to establishing a healthy lifestyle, strengthening physical and mental stability, and developing discipline. The thesis analyzes the effects of walking and running on the body's metabolism, the hematopoietic process, the development of the respiratory system, and aerobic and anaerobic capabilities. The scientific basis for how physical exercise increases lung vital capacity, reduces fatigue, and accelerates recovery processes is explained. Furthermore, the importance of track and field in maintaining a healthy weight, preventing obesity, and keeping Body Mass Index within normal ranges has been highlighted.