Heterocyclic compounds represent one of the most important classes of organic compounds in medical chemistry. They form the core structural elements of numerous biologically active substances, including antibiotics, vitamins, alkaloids, and anticancer drugs. This article presents a comprehensive methodology for teaching heterocyclic compounds to medical students, emphasizing modern pedagogical approaches, integration with clinical disciplines, and the development of professional competencies. The proposed methodology combines theoretical instruction, problem-based learning, and clinically oriented examples to enhance student understanding and motivation.