This article scientifically examines the problem of iatrogenesis in medical practice-harmful conditions arising in patients as a direct result of the treatment process itself. The paper provides a comparative analysis of the primary types of iatrogenesis (medication-related, surgical, diagnostic, infectious, and psychogenic), their underlying causes, and prevalence rates across various countries. Furthermore, the article evaluates internationally proven prevention strategies, including standardized clinical protocols, safety culture, and digital monitoring systems, to develop practical recommendations for the healthcare system of Uzbekistan.