Over the past 15 years, the treatment options for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have expanded. Targeted drugs have improved the results of treatment of multiple myeloma and increased life expectancy. At the same time, the number of infectious complications associated with the immunosuppressive actions of these drugs increased significantly. The number of publications on the analysis of infections in patients with MM is small, and the results are contradictory. So, in some studies it was noted that the use of new anticancer drugs led to an expansion of the spectrum of pathogens, an increase in the frequency of infectious complications caused by both bacteria and fungi, in others, on the contrary, to their decrease. Infections definitely aggravate the condition of patients, in some cases they can lead to postponement or interruptions between courses, and ultimately to a deterioration in the results in the overall survival of MM patients. Therefore, timely diagnosis of infectious complications and adequate antimicrobial therapy are extremely important.