Postmodernism emerged in the twentieth century as a critical response to modernist thought and Enlightenment rationalism. It challenges universal truths, objective knowledge, and grand narratives that claim to explain reality in totality. This article analyzes the main philosophical ideas of postmodernism, focusing on relativism, deconstruction, and the critique of power structures. Through conceptual and comparative analysis, the study evaluates the strengths and limitations of postmodern philosophy. The findings suggest that while postmodernism provides valuable insights into language, culture, and power, it also raises concerns about relativism and the possibility of objective knowledge.