Introduction: Among the various environmental toxicants affecting human health, heavy metaltoxicity has gained increasing significance in recent years, with arsenic toxicity emerging as a majorconcern. Among the different compounds of arsenic containing compounds, arsenite and arsenateare primary contributors to water contamination. This paper compares the histopathologicalchanges induced by sodium arsenate and arsenite in BALB/c mice.Materials and methods: Mice were categorized into five distinct groups - group 1-5. Group 1functioned as the untreated control, whereas Groups 2 and 3 were administered sodium arsenateat respective doses of 6 mg/kg and 12 mg/kg of body weight. Meanwhile, groups 4 and 5 receivedsodium arsenite at doses of 10 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg body weight, respectively, over a period of28 days.Result: No statistically significant changes were detected in the histopathological alterations invarious organs of both the sodium arsenate-treated groups. However, the sodium arsenite-treatedgroups exhibited notable degenerative changes in the brain, damage to renal tubules, stomacherosion, and depletion of germ cells in the testis.Conclusion: On the basis of above observations, it can be concluded that between the two formsof arsenic, compared to sodium arsenate, sodium arsenite is more toxic than sodium arsenate,leading to more pronounced histopathological alterations in various organs.