This paper presents Knowledge Architecture System Theory (KAST10), a formal ontological and structural theory of complex systems. KAST10 addresses a foundational problem that has remained unnamed and unresolved across the disciplines of data engineering, machine learning operations, and distributed computing: systemic misalignment — the condition arising when the internal architecture of a system diverges from the structural constraints that govern its domains. KAST10 proceeds in three parts. First, the paper articulates ten universal system laws — structural necessities that precede design, implementation, and intention, governing what any complex system may be, know, and do. Second, these laws are formalized through rigorous mathematical definitions and theorems, establishing: (i) a domain-based ontology; (ii) alignment as a structural invariant; (iii) misalignment as a measurable quantity with provable lower bounds; (iv) non-composability as a structural theorem; (v) the geometry of a bounded possibility space; and (vi) sovereignty as an asymptotic coherence metric. Third, KAST10 is positioned relative to established foundational theories — information theory, thermodynamics, systems theory, control theory, category theory, and complexity science — identifying which portions extend prior work and which constitute novel contributions. The principal novel contributions of KAST10 are: (1) the formalization of cross-domain ontological constraint collisions as a unified structural phenomenon; (2) alignment as the primary systemic variable, demonstrable to dominate component quality in determining coherence; (3) a formal geometry of the possibility space bounding all viable system configurations; (4) sovereignty as an asymptotic coherence limit — approached but never reached; (5) restoration as formal re-entry into the possibility space, not reversal of prior state; and (6) identity defined strictly as invariant preservation across transformation. KAST10 is not a methodology, a tool framework, nor a set of best practices. It is a structural physics of complex systems — one that demonstrates complex systems fail not from incompetence, but from violation of structural necessity.