This study examines the impact of microfinance on the livelihood security of small farmers in rural Senegal in . A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative data from surveys with qualitative insights from interviews and focus groups conducted among selected beneficiaries in five rural communities across Senegal. Microfinance programmes led to a significant increase (30%) in savings rates among farmers, enabling them to invest more in their farms. However, challenges such as high interest rates and bureaucratic processes hindered financial growth for some participants. The findings suggest that while microfinance can enhance farmers' economic resilience, it requires tailored support mechanisms to mitigate adverse effects on vulnerable groups. Policy makers should introduce more flexible loan terms and facilitate easier access to credit facilities. Community-based training programmes could also be beneficial in improving financial literacy among beneficiaries.