This dataset contains the raw survey responses collected for the development and validation of the Chinese Traditional Dance Culture Identity Scale (CTDCIS), as reported in the paper "Assessing Cultural Identity in Dance Education: Development and Validation of the Chinese Traditional Dance Culture Identity Scale" (Lu & Liu, 2026). Data Collection Overview:The data were collected from Chinese people without professional or academic backgrounds in dance through four independent studies. All responses were gathered via the online survey platform Questionnaire Star (https://www.wjx.cn) between July 2025 and February 2026. Ethical approval was obtained from the Scientific Research Ethical Committee of Shanghai University of Sport, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. Files Included: Study1_Sample1: Data for exploratory factor analysis (Sample 1, N=524, collected July 26 - August 3, 2025) Study2_Sample2: Data for confirmatory factor analysis and criterion-related validity (Sample 2, N=690, collected August-September 2025) Study3_Sample3: Data for test-retest reliability (Sample 3, N=551, 4-week follow-up from Sample 2) Study4_Sample4: Data for predictive validity (Sample 4, N=431, 18-week follow-up from Sample 3)