This article theoretically and empirically analyzes the psychological differences in gender identification in the formation of social roles among adolescent girls and boys. During adolescence, the intensification of the identification process, the development of the “Self-concept,” as well as the influence of the family environment, parenting styles, and peer relationships are considered important factors in shaping gender-specific social roles. The findings serve as a basis fordeveloping practical recommendations aimed at fostering healthy gender relations within the family, ensuring adolescents’ psychological stability, and supporting theirsocial adaptation.