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Other literature type . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Other literature type . 2026
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Fröhlich Condensates Meet 6G: Can Wireless Carriers Couple to Protein Collective Modes?

Authors: Fox, Nick;

Fröhlich Condensates Meet 6G: Can Wireless Carriers Couple to Protein Collective Modes?

Abstract

Between 2015 and 2022, several experiments reported nonequilibrium collective vibrational behavior in proteins consistent with Fröhlich's long-discussed phonon condensation hypothesis. These studies identified prominent spectral features at 0.071, 0.096, and 0.314 THz. In parallel, wireless research toward 6G increasingly explores carrier frequencies above 100 GHz, with candidate bands approaching 0.1–0.3 THz. This frequency proximity has motivated speculation about possible biological relevance. However, frequency overlap alone is insufficient—meaningful interaction requires adequate coupling strength under realistic exposure conditions. This paper (i) summarizes the relevant experimental findings, (ii) clarifies the current state of 6G frequency proposals, (iii) provides an order-of-magnitude estimate suggesting that direct far-field coupling at guideline-level exposures is likely negligible, and (iv) proposes a concrete experimental program to definitively test whether realistic sub-THz fields can modulate reported protein collective modes. Whether the outcome is null or positive, such measurements would reduce uncertainty as sub-THz technologies mature.

Keywords

terahertz, sub-THz, Fröhlich Condensate, dosimetry, biological effects, protein collective modes, 6G

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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