ANTIBIOTIK REZISTENTLIGI — XXI ASR MUAMMOSI: GLOBAL XAVF VA OLDINI OLISH STRATEGIYALARI
ANTIBIOTIK REZISTENTLIGI — XXI ASR MUAMMOSI: GLOBAL XAVF VA OLDINI OLISH STRATEGIYALARI
Antibiotik rezistentligi (antimikrob rezistentlik, AMR) XXI asrning eng jiddiy global sog‘liqni saqlash muammolaridan biri sifatida e’tirof etilmoqda. Antibiotiklar bakterial infeksiyalarni davolashda inqilobiy ahamiyat kasb etgan bo‘lsa-da, ularning noto‘g‘ri va nazoratsiz qo‘llanilishi natijasida ko‘plab mikroorganizmlar dori vositalariga chidamli shakllarni hosil qilmoqda. Jahon sog‘liqni saqlash tashkiloti ma’lumotlariga ko‘ra, agar zarur chora-tadbirlar ko‘rilmasa, 2050-yilga borib antibiotik rezistentligi sababli har yili millionlab odamlar vafot etishi mumkin. Rezistentlik jarayoni mikrobiologik, genetik, klinik va ijtimoiy omillar bilan bog‘liq bo‘lib, inson tibbiyoti, veterinariya, qishloq xo‘jaligi va atrof-muhit bilan chambarchas aloqador. Ushbu maqolada antibiotik rezistentligining rivojlanish mexanizmlari, asosiy sabablari, epidemiologik ko‘rsatkichlari hamda global va milliy miqyosdagi oqibatlari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, rezistentlikni kamaytirish bo‘yicha zamonaviy strategiyalar, jumladan, “One Health” yondashuvi, antibiotiklar ustidan nazorat (antibiotic stewardship), yangi preparatlar ishlab chiqish va jamoatchilik ma’rifatini oshirish masalalari yoritiladi.
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