
This work analyzes publicly available gravitational-wave ringdown events (GW150914, GW170104, GW190521) and reports evidence for a non-continuous organization in a dimensionless observable combining frequency deviations and horizon-scale quantities. The observed clustering is robust under posterior resampling, area-scaling variations, and spin-projection tests, and does not assume a specific microscopic model. The results motivate an interpretation of ringdown deviations as horizon-linked spectroscopy and provide a falsifiable framework to be tested with future gravitational-wave detections.
Gravitational waves Black hole ringdown General relativity Ringdown deviations Horizon structure Black hole spectroscopy Kerr black holes Gravitational-wave data analysis LIGO–Virgo observations Horizon-scale physics
Gravitational waves Black hole ringdown General relativity Ringdown deviations Horizon structure Black hole spectroscopy Kerr black holes Gravitational-wave data analysis LIGO–Virgo observations Horizon-scale physics
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