
We introduce the quantum partition ratio RB (ψ) ≥ 1, a novelBorn-rule observable that quanties the asymmetry in the sign structure ofreal-valued quantum wavefunctions. For a normalised wavefunction ψ, we par-tition the domain Ω into positive and negative regions and dene RB (ψ) =max(P+/P−, P−/P+), where P+ = RΩ+ |ψ|2 dV and P− = 1 − P+ are the Born-weighted probability integrals over each signed domain. This observable renesclassical nodal domain counts by incorporating amplitude information, yielding acontinuous, gauge-invariant, experimentally accessible geometric measure.Through analytical, theoretical, and numerical analysis in time-reversal-symmetricsystems we establish four principal results: (i) exact balance (RB = 1) in alleigenstates of parity-symmetric integrable models; (ii) pronounced asymmetry(RB ≫ 1) in low-energy hydrogen s-states driven by the radial volume factorr2 dr; (iii) universal concentration RB → 1 in high-energy chaotic eigenstateswith variance scaling as O(E−d/4), conrmed numerically with tted exponent−0.48 ± 0.04 (theory: −0.50); and (iv) variance of RB as a geometric or-der parameter for integrable-to-chaotic transitions, exhibiting critical divergencenear the onset of chaos. Concrete experimental protocols for ultracold atoms andsuperconducting qubit processors are discussed.
quantum partition ratios, Born rule, nodal domains, wavefunction geometry, eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, random wave model, quantum chaos, integrable-to-chaotic transition, cold atoms, superconducting qubits
quantum partition ratios, Born rule, nodal domains, wavefunction geometry, eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, random wave model, quantum chaos, integrable-to-chaotic transition, cold atoms, superconducting qubits
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