This article presents a comprehensive scholarly study of the role and artistic significance of the dutor in maqam ensembles and within the melodic structure of maqam repertoire. The research explores the historical development of the instrument, its timbral and technical characteristics, and its functional role in ensemble performance and maqam interpretation. Special attention is given to the dutor’s contribution to modal stability, internal musical balance, and stylistic continuity within traditional Uzbek maqam performance practice.