This paper presents a novel theoretical framework that reconceptualizes the universe as an informational projection from a fundamental data structure. We propose that physical reality emerges through projection of information into a medium with characteristic resistance Z0 = 376.73 Ω, which determines the speed of light c = 1/√ϵ0µ0. Crucially, we demonstrate that Z0 dynamically manifests as bulk viscosity ζ in the cosmic medium, providing a microphysical origin for cosmic acceleration and structure formation suppression. The theory naturally resolves the Hubble tension (H0 ≈ 72.8 vs 67.4 km s−1 Mpc−1) through informational current gradients and explains the S8 tension (≈ 0.774 vs 0.83) via viscous damping. We determine the model parameters to yield ζeff ≈ 1.2 × 107 Pa s with natural coupling constants of order unity. The framework unifies quantum mechanics, relativity, and cosmology through information-theoretic principles and makes testable predictions for gravitational wave dispersion and CMB anomalies.