ABSTRACT Substance abuse among youth poses a significant challenge in urban India, influenced by cultural shifts, economic pressures, and social dynamics. In Chennai, factors such as peer influence, family environment, and substance accessibility contribute to misuse, affecting physical, psychological, and social health. This study explored risk factors driving youth substance abuse and assessed the potential of social work interventions to address the issue. The research employed a quantitative descriptive design, utilizing a structured interview schedule as the primary tool. A convenience sample of youths aged eighteen to twenty-five from Chennai participated, with data collected through interviews focusing on socio-demographic details, attitudes toward substances, and treatment utilization. Analysis involved descriptive statistics and regression techniques to identify patterns and predictors. Findings revealed a notable prevalence of substance abuse, with peer pressure emerging as a key risk factor, alongside family history and stress. Demographic variations highlighted greater vulnerability among certain groups, influenced by family dynamics and economic conditions. Awareness of support services existed, yet engagement remained limited, indicating barriers to access. Social work interventions, including counselling and community programs, showed moderate effectiveness, suggesting a need for tailored strategies to enhance outreach and support. Keywords: youth substance abuse, risk factors, peer pressure, family environment, social work interventions, Chennai.