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Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
ZENODO
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Systemic thrombolysis in patient with central retinal artery occlusion - a case report and literature review

Системна тромболиза при пациент с оклузия на централна ретинална артерия- клиничен случай и литературен обзор по темата
Authors: Popova, Maria; Trajkovski, Risto; Dimitrova, Maria;

Systemic thrombolysis in patient with central retinal artery occlusion - a case report and literature review

Abstract

Оклузията на централната ретинална артерия (ОЦРА) е спешно медицинско и офталмологично заболяване. Пациентите обичайно получават остра, безболкова моноокуларна загуба на зрение - като 80% от засегнатите индивиди имат остатъчна зрителна острота за броене на пръсти или дори по-ниска. ОЦРА обикновено настъпва вторично в резултат на системни заболявания - често заболяване на каротидните артерии или сърдечни клапни заболявания, като други важни етиологични фактори са хиперкоагубилитет, предсърдно мъждене и автоимунни заболявания. Терапията при настъпване на ОЦРА включва прилагане на вазодилататори, маннитол или ацетазоламид за понижаванена вътреочното налягане, интравенозна или интраартериална тромболиза. ОЦРА е очният аналог на исхемичния мозъчен инсулт, което обуславя сходството в клиничния подход към лечението - лечение на острия инцидент, идентифициране на участъка на съдовата оклузия и вторична профилактика за превенция на последващи прояви. Представяме клиничен случай на 57-годишен мъж с ОЦРА и проведена интравенозна тромболиза с Тенектеплазе. Ефектът от приложената терапия включва подобрение по отношение на визуса на засегнатото око и пълна реканализация на оклузиралия долно-темпорален клон на централната ретинална артерия (ЦРА). Представяме и литературен обзор относно същността на заболяването и възможностите за лечението му, включващи интравенозна тромболиза. Необходими са още проучвания и изследвания за откриване на нови биомаркери, даващи информация за виталността на ретината след ОЦРА, дефиниране на диагностичен и терапевтичен подход, както и тясна комуникация между офталмолози и спешните центрове.

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ocular and medical emergency. Patients typically present with profound, acute, painless monocular visual loss—with 80% of affected indi viduals having a final visual acuity of counting fingers or worse. CRAO can occur due to carotid artery disease, heart valve disease, and other important ethiological factors such as hypercoagulability, atrial fibrillation, and autoimmune diseases. Treatment of CRAO includes giving vasodilatators, mannitol or acetazolamide for reducing the intraocular pressure, intravenous or intraarterial thrombolysis. CRAO is the ocular analogue of a cerebral stroke—and, as such, the clinical approach and management are relatively similar to the management of stroke, in which clinicians treat the acute event, identify the site of vascular occlusion, and try to prevent further occurrences by secondary prophylaxis. We present clinical case of 57-years old patient with CRAO, treated by intravenous thrombolysis with Tenecteplase. The effect of the therapy includes improvement of the visual activity of the affected eye and full recanalization of inferior temporal branch of central retinal artery. We provide literature review regarding characteristics of the disease and treatment options, including intravenous thrombolysis. Further studies are required, potentially including the exploration of novel biomarkers of retinal viability, defining a diagnostic and therapeutic approach, and communication between neurologists and eye care specialists.

Keywords

Central retinal artery occlusion

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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